The four Labour Codes came into force on 21 November 2025, replacing many earlier central labour laws. Central rules were notified in May 2026, while State rules may still be developing, so the position in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana should be checked for each issue.
Employers and employees both benefit from clear records. Appointment letters, wage records and internal procedures often decide the outcome of a dispute.
What this covers
- Termination and disciplinary action
- Wage and bonus claims
- Gratuity and social security
- Employment contracts and policies
- Internal Committee and workplace harassment
- Industrial disputes
- Shops and establishments
- Compliance review
Principal laws
| Law | Relevance |
|---|---|
| Code on Wages, 2019 | Wages, minimum wages and bonus. |
| Industrial Relations Code, 2020 | Disputes, standing orders and retrenchment. |
| Code on Social Security, 2020 | Provident fund, insurance and gratuity. |
| Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 | Workplace conditions. |
| Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013 | Internal Committee and complaints. |
| Shops and Establishments Acts, 1988 | Separate State laws in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. |
Where it is heard
Labour authorities and tribunals with jurisdiction, civil courts where applicable, and the High Court in each State.
Usual steps
- Review the employment documents and timeline
- Identify which law and rules apply
- Attempt internal or conciliation remedies
- Send a notice or reply
- Proceed before the authority or court
- Implement the order or settlement
Documents that are often relevant
- Appointment letter and policies
- Salary slips and bank statements
- Notices and disciplinary records
- Emails and messages about the dispute
Please keep these safe, but do not send confidential documents until we have confirmed that we will act for you.
Time limits and key points
| Item | Position |
|---|---|
| Workplace harassment complaint | 3 months from the incident, extendable by 3 months (2013 Act, Section 9) |
| Internal Committee requirement | Workplaces with 10 or more employees |
| Other labour claims | Limits vary and transitional rules may apply. Check promptly |
Common questions
Do the old labour laws still matter?
They can, especially for events before 21 November 2025 and through transitional provisions. Which law applies depends on the dates and issue.
Can an employer terminate without notice?
It depends on the contract, the employee's category and the applicable law. Advice should be taken before acting or responding.
This is general information, not legal advice. The law may have changed, and the answer may differ on your facts.