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Criminal Law

From IPC and CrPC to BNS and BNSS: a section finder

A quick table of frequently used provisions under the old and new criminal laws.

The new criminal laws took effect on 1 July 2024. Offences committed before that date generally stay under the Indian Penal Code, and the procedure that applies depends on when the proceedings began. Older court papers still refer to the old sections, so this table can help you find your way.

Procedure: CrPC to BNSS

SubjectCrPC, 1973BNSS, 2023
FIR154173
Magistrate's direction to investigate156(3)175(3)
Notice of appearance before police41A35(3)
Bail in non-bailable offences437480
Anticipatory bail438482
Bail by High Court or Sessions Court439483
Maintenance125144
Inherent powers of the High Court482528

Offences: IPC to BNS

SubjectIPC, 1860BNS, 2023
Murder (punishment)302103
Dowry death304B80
Cruelty by husband or relatives498A85 and 86
Criminal breach of trust406316(2)
Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery420318(4)
Criminal intimidation506351

Evidence: Evidence Act to BSA

SubjectEvidence Act, 1872BSA, 2023
Electronic records65B63
Professional communications126132

This table is a finding aid and not a statement that the provisions are identical. Always read the current text.

General information as of 5 November 2026. It is not legal advice, and you should confirm the current law for your situation.

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